Internal Protocols Projects Examples using NS2

Internal Protocols Projects Examples using NS2 tool project concepts for establishing and experimenting with internal (intra-domain) routing protocols in NS2 (Network Simulator 2) are listed below. Internal protocols, also known as Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs), are used for routing inside a single autonomous system. Popular examples contain OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), RIP (Routing Information Protocol), and EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol).

  1. Basic OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) Simulation
  • Description: Execute and mimic OSPF in NS2. Configure a simple network topology with several routers and evaluate how OSPF generates the shortest path tree and allocates routing information using Link State Advertisements (LSAs). Compute performance parameters like packet delivery ratio, convergence time, and routing overhead.
  • Objective: Study how OSPF dynamically discovers routes and uphold up-to-date routing tables using a link-state process.
  1. Performance Comparison of OSPF and RIP
  • Description: Imitate OSPF and RIP in NS2 and compare their performance in different network topologies (such as mesh, star, ring). Estimate metrics like routing convergence time, control overhead, packet loss, and scalability in large and small networks.
  • Objective: Compare the performance of a link-state protocol (OSPF) with a distance-vector protocol (RIP), highlighting their benefits and restrictions in multiple network environment.
  1. OSPF Scalability in Large Networks
  • Description: Emulate OSPF in a large-scale network using NS2 and assess its scalability. Evaluate the protocol’s performance as the amount of nodes rises, concentrating on routing table size, control overhead, and convergence time.
  • Objective: Learn the scalability of OSPF in large networks and the influence of maximizing network size on its performance and resource utilization.
  1. Hierarchical OSPF (Multi-Area OSPF) Simulation
  • Description: Design a hierarchical OSPF configuration in NS2 where the network is breaks down into several OSPF areas. Imitate the performance of multi-area OSPF compared to single-area OSPF based on routing table size, control message overhead, and convergence time.
  • Objective: Understand how hierarchical OSPF minimizes routing overhead by restricting the flooding of LSAs to particular areas.
  1. Energy-Efficient OSPF for Wireless Networks
  • Description: Attach energy-aware routing metrics for wireless networks by modifying OSPF. Emulate this energy-efficient OSPF in NS2 and evaluate its performance depend on energy usage, network lifetime, and routing overhead in a wireless sensor network (WSN) incidents.
  • Objective: Enhance OSPF for wireless networks where energy efficiency is a vital factor, particular in sensor networks.
  1. Performance of EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) in a Dynamic Network
  • Description: Establish EIGRP in NS2 and replicate its performance in a dynamic network with varying topologies (like link failures and node additions). Analyze EIGRP’s performance according to the convergence time, packet delivery ratio, and control message overhead during network variations.
  • Objective: Learn how EIGRP adapts to network variations and its efficiency in maintaining routing stability.
  1. EIGRP vs. OSPF in High-Delay Networks
  • Description: Emulate EIGRP and OSPF in a high-delay network (like a satellite or wide-area network) using NS2. Compare their performance in terms of convergence time, packet loss, and delay managing potentials.
  • Objective: Inspect how these protocols works in situations with high latency and detect which protocol is more appropriate for such conditions.
  1. OSPF with Traffic Engineering (TE)
  • Description: Develop OSPF with Traffic Engineering (OSPF-TE) extensions in NS2. Mimic a network incident where traffic is distributed across numerous paths to ignore congestion. Compute the impact on throughput, delay, and packet loss in networks with changing traffic loads.
  • Objective: Get to know how OSPF-TE can enhance resource consumption by intelligently routing traffic to evade congested routes.
  1. Performance of RIP in a Network with Mobility
  • Description: Replicate RIP in a network where nodes are mobile (such as a vehicular network) using NS2. Assess how frequent topology varies influence RIP’s performance based on convergence time, packet loss, and route stability.
  • Objective: Familiarize the restrictions of RIP in dynamic environments and recommend possible enhancements to manage mobility.
  1. Fault-Tolerant OSPF Simulation
  • Description: Model a OSPF in a network where node and link failures are launched. Measure how rapidly OSPF spots failures and re-estimates paths, and evaluate its effect on packet loss, recovery time, and network performance.
  • Objective: Analyze OSPF’s fault tolerance and its capability to uphold network connectivity during node or link failures.
  1. RIP with Split Horizon and Poison Reverse
  • Description: Establish the split horizon and poison reverse strategies in RIP to prevent routing loops. Simulate environments with and without these techniques in NS2 and compare the performance according to its packet loss, routing stability, and control overhead.
  • Objective: Study the efficiency of loop prevention features in RIP and how they affect entire routing performance.
  1. QoS-Aware OSPF for Real-Time Applications
  • Description: Fine-tune OSPF to favour routes based on Quality of Service (QoS) metrics including bandwidth, delay, and jitter. Model this QoS-aware OSPF in NS2 for actual applications like video conferencing and VoIP, and relate it with standard OSPF.
  • Objective: Adapt OSPF for delay-sensitive applications by combining QoS parameters in route selection to make certain high-quality service for realistic traffic.
  1. EIGRP with Load Balancing in Large-Scale Networks
  • Description: Accomplish load-balancing techniques in EIGRP that disperses traffic across several existed paths. Imitate this load-balanced EIGRP in a large-scale network using NS2 and test its performance in terms of throughput, delay, and network congestion.
  • Objective: Enhance EIGRP’s performance in large networks by improving traffic distribution and minimizing bottlenecks.
  1. EIGRP with Security Enhancements
  • Description: Incorporate security measures into EIGRP involve encryption and authentication, to defend the network against attacks like route tampering and illegitimate access. Replicate safe EIGRP in NS2 and assess the performance based on their security overhead, convergence time, and packet delivery ratio.
  • Objective: Optimize EIGRP’s security to avert routing attacks while maintaining effective routing performance.
  1. Performance of OSPF and EIGRP in IPv6 Networks
  • Description: Execute OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6) and EIGRP for IPv6 in NS2 and emulate their performance in an IPv6 network. Compare the performance of both protocols according to their packet delivery ratio, routing overhead, and convergence time in an IPv6 environment.
  • Objective: Understand the performance differences amongst OSPFv3 and EIGRP in IPv6 networks and detect which protocol is better suited for IPv6 routing.
  1. OSPF with MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) Support
  • Description: Design OSPF in a network with MPLS assists in NS2. Imitate an environment where MPLS is used to optimize routing efficiency, and analyze the performance based on packet forwarding speed, delay, and throughput.
  • Objective: Explore how OSPF incorporates with MPLS to enhance routing performance and resource consumption in large networks.
  1. EIGRP with Neighbor Discovery Optimization
  • Description: Improve EIGRP’s neighbor discovery process by minimizing the frequency of hello messages in a stable network scenario. Mimic this enhancement in NS2 and evaluate its effect on control overhead, convergence time, and routing stability.
  • Objective: Increase the efficiency of EIGRP’s neighbor discovery process in stable networks, decreasing excessive control traffic.

These project ideas cover several aspects of internal routing protocols, focusing on performance, scalability, energy efficiency, fault tolerance, security, and real-time traffic support.

Through this manual, you can explore various characteristics and their mechanisms of the Internal Protocol related example projects which will be implemented and evaluated in the ns2 environment. If needed, we will deliver the detailed structured entire execution process in another script.