How to Implement Network Node Authentication in NS2
To implement the Network Node Authentication in NS2 encompasses to simulate an environment that has nodes within the network can validate each other before launching communication. It can be accomplished by including a simple authentication technology at the application layer where nodes interchange authentication badges before delivering or obtaining data in NS2, if the authentication fails, the communication is congested.
Here is a structured approach on how to implement Node Authentication in NS2:
Step-by-Step Implementation:
- Set Up NS2
Make sure that NS2 is installed on your system. You can install it using the given command:
sudo apt-get install ns2
- Define the Network Topology
Begin by stating a simple network topology. You will attach nodes that need to validate each other before they can interact.
Example topology:
set ns [new Simulator]
set tracefile [open node_authentication.tr w]
$ns trace-all $tracefile
# Create nodes
set n1 [$ns node] ;# Sender node
set n2 [$ns node] ;# Receiver node
set auth_server [$ns node] ;# Authentication server node (optional)
# Create links between nodes
$ns duplex-link $n1 $n2 1Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n1 $auth_server 1Mb 10ms DropTail
- Implement Node Authentication
Replicate the node authentication by developing a simple authentication function that certifies the IDs of the nodes. For instance, each node has an ID or a password, and they must interchange this information before accomplishing a connection.
(A) Authentication Function
You can set up a basic function that checks the credentials of the nodes. If the credentials match, the communication is permitted; otherwise, it is blocked.
# Authentication credentials (example: node IDs)
set node_credentials {
n1 “password1”
n2 “password2”
}
# Authentication function
proc authenticate_node {node password} {
global node_credentials
set stored_password [lindex $node_credentials [expr [lsearch $node_credentials $node] + 1]]
if { $password == $stored_password } {
puts “$node authentication successful”
return 1 ;# Authentication successful
} else {
puts “$node authentication failed”
return 0 ;# Authentication failed
}
}
(B) Simulate Authentication Exchange
Nodes n1 and n2 will exchange credentials before communication. If the authentication is successful, the traffic is permitted to flow.
# Authentication process
set node1_password “password1”
set node2_password “password2”
# Simulate authentication exchange between n1 and n2
set auth_result_n1 [authenticate_node “n1” $node1_password]
set auth_result_n2 [authenticate_node “n2” $node2_password]
if { $auth_result_n1 == 1 && $auth_result_n2 == 1 } {
puts “Both nodes authenticated: Communication allowed”
} else {
puts “Authentication failed: Communication blocked”
}
- Simulate Traffic After Authentication
Once the nodes are authenticated, you can permit traffic to flow amongst them. If the authentication fails, traffic will not be triggered.
(A) Simulate Traffic
You can configure UDP traffic amongst the two nodes (n1 and n2) and conditionally start it in terms of the authentication result.
# Set up UDP traffic between n1 and n2
set udp1 [new Agent/UDP]
set udp2 [new Agent/UDP]
set null1 [new Agent/Null]
set null2 [new Agent/Null]
$ns attach-agent $n1 $udp1
$ns attach-agent $n2 $null1
$ns connect $udp1 $null1
# Create a CBR traffic generator attached to UDP
set cbr1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr1 set packetSize_ 512
$cbr1 set rate_ 1Mb
$cbr1 attach-agent $udp1
# Conditionally start traffic based on authentication result
if { $auth_result_n1 == 1 && $auth_result_n2 == 1 } {
$ns at 1.0 “$cbr1 start”
} else {
puts “Communication blocked due to failed authentication”
}
- Optional: Use an Authentication Server
In more advanced networks, you may want to mimic an Authentication Server (auth_server) that verifies the credentials of the nodes. The nodes send their IDs to the server, and the server approves or rejects the authentication.
(A) Simulate Authentication via Server
Change the authentication function so that the nodes deliver their credentials to the auth_server, and the server reacts with the authentication result.
# Function to simulate authentication via the authentication server
proc authenticate_via_server {node password} {
global node_credentials
set stored_password [lindex $node_credentials [expr [lsearch $node_credentials $node] + 1]]
if { $password == $stored_password } {
puts “$node authentication successful via server”
return 1
} else {
puts “$node authentication failed via server”
return 0
}
}
# Simulate authentication request to the server
set auth_result_n1 [authenticate_via_server “n1” $node1_password]
set auth_result_n2 [authenticate_via_server “n2” $node2_password]
if { $auth_result_n1 == 1 && $auth_result_n2 == 1 } {
puts “Both nodes authenticated via server: Communication allowed”
} else {
puts “Authentication via server failed: Communication blocked”
}
- Run the Simulation
Save your script and execute it using NS2:
ns your_script.tcl
- Analyze the Results
Once the simulation is done, inspect the trace file (node_authentication.tr) and monitor how the authentication process influenced the communication. You can use NAM (Network Animator) to visualize the communication amongst nodes based on successful or failed authentication.
- Extend the Simulation
- Advanced Authentication: Attach more modern authentication mechanisms like public key exchange or certificate-based authentication.
- Attack Scenarios: Replicate attacks like credential spoofing or man-in-the-middle attacks, and see how the authentication system manages them.
- Logging: Include logging to keep track of authentication attempts and failures.
- Session Management: Executes session-based authentication where nodes authenticate once and apply a secure session for communication.
We were successfully established the Node Authentication into the network before they initiate communication by simulating an environment in the ns2 simulator. We had displayed the brief details and examples with snippet codes through this approach.
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