How to Implement Network Security Operations in NS2

To implement Network Security Operations in NS2, we can mimic numerous security mechanisms like firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), traffic filtering, authentication, and encryption. These elements collaborate to monitor, manage, and secure the network; make sure that threats are identified and prevented in real-time.

NS2 primarily emphases on mimic the network traffic, so we can design the core security operations by using network traffic analysis, attack simulation, and implementing defensive mechanisms.

Here’s a step-by-step procedure on how to implement Network Security Operations in NS2:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

  1. Set up NS2

Make sure NS2 is installed on system. If it’s not installed, we can install it using:

sudo apt-get install ns2

  1. Define the Network Topology

We will describe a simple network with a user node, a server, an attacker, and security components such as firewalls and IDS/IPS. This network will mimic legitimate and malicious traffic, and the security components will observe and prevent potential attacks.

set ns [new Simulator]

set tracefile [open network_security_operations.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

# Create network nodes

set user [$ns node]          ;# User node

set attacker [$ns node]       ;# Attacker node

set server [$ns node]         ;# Server node

set firewall [$ns node]       ;# Firewall node

set ids_node [$ns node]       ;# IDS node

# Create links between the nodes

$ns duplex-link $user $firewall 1Mb 10ms DropTail  ;# User to firewall

$ns duplex-link $attacker $firewall 1Mb 10ms DropTail  ;# Attacker to firewall

$ns duplex-link $firewall $ids_node 1Mb 10ms DropTail  ;# Firewall to IDS

$ns duplex-link $ids_node $server 1Mb 10ms DropTail  ;# IDS to server

  1. Simulate Normal Traffic

Replicate legitimate traffic from the user to the server via the firewall and IDS. This denotes typical network activity.

# Set up UDP agents for legitimate traffic (user to server)

set udp_user [new Agent/UDP]

set udp_server [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $user $udp_user

$ns attach-agent $server $udp_server

$ns connect $udp_user $udp_server

# Create a traffic generator to simulate normal traffic

set cbr_user [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_user set packetSize_ 512

$cbr_user set rate_ 1Mb

$cbr_user attach-agent $udp_user

# Start normal traffic at 1.0 seconds

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_user start”

  1. Simulate Malicious Traffic

Mimic malicious traffic from the attacker to the server. This denotes an attack, like a large packet size or abnormal traffic rate.

# Set up UDP agents for malicious traffic (attacker to server)

set udp_attacker [new Agent/UDP]

set udp_malicious [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $attacker $udp_attacker

$ns attach-agent $server $udp_malicious

$ns connect $udp_attacker $udp_malicious

# Create a traffic generator to simulate malicious traffic

set cbr_attacker [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_attacker set packetSize_ 1024  ;# Simulate larger malicious traffic

$cbr_attacker set rate_ 512Kb

$cbr_attacker attach-agent $udp_attacker

# Start malicious traffic at 2.0 seconds

$ns at 2.0 “$cbr_attacker start”

  1. Implement a Firewall for Traffic Filtering

The firewall will examine traffic and block any traffic that meets specific conditions, like  exceeding a particular packet size threshold.

# Function to simulate firewall filtering based on packet size

proc firewall_filter {packet_size threshold} {

if { $packet_size > $threshold } {

puts “Firewall: Blocking traffic with packet size $packet_size”

return 1  ;# Traffic blocked

} else {

puts “Firewall: Allowing traffic with packet size $packet_size”

return 0  ;# Traffic allowed

}

}

# Set a packet size threshold for the firewall (e.g., 512 bytes)

set threshold 512

# Simulate firewall inspecting traffic

$ns at 1.5 “firewall_filter 512 $threshold”   ;# Normal traffic (allowed)

$ns at 2.5 “firewall_filter 1024 $threshold”  ;# Malicious traffic (blocked)

  1. Implement an Intrusion Detection/Prevention System (IDS/IPS)

The IDS tracks traffic passing via the firewall and identifies potential attacks according to the traffic characteristics. The IDS can log events or take action according to predefined rules.

# Function to simulate IDS detection

proc ids_detect {packet_size threshold} {

if { $packet_size > $threshold } {

puts “IDS: Intrusion detected! Packet size $packet_size exceeds threshold”

return 1  ;# Intrusion detected

} else {

puts “IDS: Normal traffic”

return 0  ;# No intrusion

}

}

# Simulate IDS inspecting traffic at the IDS node

$ns at 3.0 “ids_detect 1024 $threshold”  ;# Malicious traffic (detected by IDS)

  1. Simulate Encryption and Decryption

Encode the traffic among the user and server to secure sensitive data. The user will send encoded communications, and the server will decrypt them.

(A) Encrypt Traffic at the User

Mimic encryption before sending traffic from the user to the server.

# Function to simulate encryption of a message

proc encrypt_traffic {message encryption_key} {

puts “Encrypting message: ‘$message’ with key: $encryption_key”

return “encrypted_$message”

}

# Simulate encrypting a message

set encryption_key “secure_key”

set message “Hello, secure server!”

$ns at 1.0 “set encrypted_message [encrypt_traffic $message $encryption_key]”

(B) Decrypt Traffic at the Server

The server will decode the received traffic to recover the original message.

# Function to simulate decryption of a message

proc decrypt_traffic {encrypted_message decryption_key} {

puts “Decrypting message: ‘$encrypted_message’ with key: $decryption_key”

return “decrypted_message”

}

# Simulate decrypting the message at the server

$ns at 2.0 “set decrypted_message [decrypt_traffic $encrypted_message $encryption_key]”

  1. Log Security Events

Log the key security operations, like firewall actions, IDS detections, and encryption processes.

# Function to log security-related events

proc log_security_event {time event description} {

puts “$time: $event – $description”

}

# Log firewall, IDS, and encryption events

$ns at 1.5 “log_security_event 1.5 ‘Firewall’ ‘Traffic allowed by firewall'”

$ns at 2.5 “log_security_event 2.5 ‘Firewall’ ‘Malicious traffic blocked by firewall'”

$ns at 3.0 “log_security_event 3.0 ‘IDS’ ‘Intrusion detected by IDS'”

$ns at 1.0 “log_security_event 1.0 ‘Encryption’ ‘Traffic encrypted by user'”

$ns at 2.0 “log_security_event 2.0 ‘Decryption’ ‘Traffic decrypted by server'”

  1. Run the Simulation

Once the script is ready, execute the simulation using NS2:

ns your_script.tcl

  1. Analyse the Results

After executing the simulation, check the trace file (network_security_operations.tr) and the console output to validate:

  • Legitimate traffic passed via the firewall and reached the server.
  • Malicious traffic was blocked by the firewall and identified by the IDS.
  • Traffic was successfully encoded at the user node and decoded at the server.

We can also use NAM (Network Animator) to envision the traffic and monitor on how security components such as firewalls and IDS react to attacks.

  1. Extend the Simulation

We can expand this simulation by:

  • Simulating more attack types: Add simulations for attacks like DDoS, Man-in-the-Middle (MITM), or Phishing.
  • Testing more advanced detection techniques: Execute anomaly detection or machine learning-based IDS to identify more sophisticated attacks.
  • Introducing authentication: To mimic secure authentication protocols, like challenge-response mechanisms or mutual authentication.
  • Analysing network performance: evaluate parameters like throughput, latency, and packet loss in diverse security conditions.

In the above procedures were very helpful to implement the Network Security Operations over the network using the ns2 simulation tool and also we provide the more information about the Network Security Operations.

We encourage you to connect with ns2project.com, where we assist you in implementing Network Security Operations within NS2. You are welcome to share your research details with us, as we provide excellent research ideas and introduce innovative topics.